A complex example



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A complex example

Consider the following expression as read by a person familiar with mathematical notation:

[displaymath5894]

The experienced reader is able to quickly scan the above expression and, while perusing the denominator, access the numerator. This ability is a consequence of internalizing the underlying structure conveyed by the visual layout and using it to traverse the information. The atomic actions in accessing the numerator are:

  1. Mark current node.
  2. Read previous sibling.
  3. Return to marked node.

We enable audio browsing by allowing a listener to perform the same kind of traversals. AsTeR internalizes a sufficiently rich structure to permit all of these browsing actions.



TV Raman
Thu Mar 9 20:10:41 EST 1995