/*
* @(#)MidiSynth.java 1.15 99/12/03
*
* Copyright (c) 1999 Sun Microsystems, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
*
* Sun grants you ("Licensee") a non-exclusive, royalty free, license to use,
* modify and redistribute this software in source and binary code form,
* provided that i) this copyright notice and license appear on all copies of
* the software; and ii) Licensee does not utilize the software in a manner
* which is disparaging to Sun.
*
* This software is provided "AS IS," without a warranty of any kind. ALL
* EXPRESS OR IMPLIED CONDITIONS, REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES, INCLUDING ANY
* IMPLIED WARRANTY OF MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE OR
* NON-INFRINGEMENT, ARE HEREBY EXCLUDED. SUN AND ITS LICENSORS SHALL NOT BE
* LIABLE FOR ANY DAMAGES SUFFERED BY LICENSEE AS A RESULT OF USING, MODIFYING
* OR DISTRIBUTING THE SOFTWARE OR ITS DERIVATIVES. IN NO EVENT WILL SUN OR ITS
* LICENSORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY LOST REVENUE, PROFIT OR DATA, OR FOR DIRECT,
* INDIRECT, SPECIAL, CONSEQUENTIAL, INCIDENTAL OR PUNITIVE DAMAGES, HOWEVER
* CAUSED AND REGARDLESS OF THE THEORY OF LIABILITY, ARISING OUT OF THE USE OF
* OR INABILITY TO USE SOFTWARE, EVEN IF SUN HAS BEEN ADVISED OF THE
* POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGES.
*
* This software is not designed or intended for use in on-line control of
* aircraft, air traffic, aircraft navigation or aircraft communications; or in
* the design, construction, operation or maintenance of any nuclear
* facility. Licensee represents and warrants that it will not use or
* redistribute the Software for such purposes.
*/
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.*;
import javax.swing.*;
import javax.swing.border.*;
import javax.swing.table.*;
import javax.swing.event.*;
import javax.sound.midi.*;
import java.util.Vector;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.IOException;
/**
* Illustrates general MIDI melody instruments and MIDI controllers.
*
* @version @(#)MidiSynth.java 1.15 99/12/03
* @author Brian Lichtenwalter
*/
@SuppressWarnings("serial")
public class MidiSynth extends JPanel {
final int PROGRAM = 192;
final int NOTEON = 144;
final int NOTEOFF = 128;
final int SUSTAIN = 64;
final int REVERB = 91;
final int ON = 0, OFF = 1;
final Color jfcBlue = new Color(204, 204, 255);
final Color pink = new Color(255, 175, 175);
Sequencer sequencer;
Sequence sequence;
Synthesizer synthesizer;
Instrument instruments[];
ChannelData channels[];
ChannelData cc; // current channel
JCheckBox mouseOverCB = new JCheckBox("mouseOver", true);
JSlider veloS, presS, bendS, revbS;
JCheckBox soloCB, monoCB, muteCB, sustCB;
Vector keys = new Vector();
Vector whiteKeys = new Vector();
JTable table;
Piano piano;
boolean record;
Track track;
long startTime;
RecordFrame recordFrame;
Controls controls;
public MidiSynth() {
setLayout(new BorderLayout());
JPanel p = new JPanel();
p.setLayout(new BoxLayout(p, BoxLayout.Y_AXIS));
EmptyBorder eb = new EmptyBorder(5,5,5,5);
BevelBorder bb = new BevelBorder(BevelBorder.LOWERED);
CompoundBorder cb = new CompoundBorder(eb,bb);
p.setBorder(new CompoundBorder(cb,eb));
JPanel pp = new JPanel(new BorderLayout());
pp.setBorder(new EmptyBorder(10,20,10,5));
pp.add(piano = new Piano());
p.add(pp);
p.add(controls = new Controls());
p.add(new InstrumentsTable());
add(p);
}
public void open() {
try {
if (synthesizer == null) {
if ((synthesizer = MidiSystem.getSynthesizer()) == null) {
System.out.println("getSynthesizer() failed!");
return;
}
}
synthesizer.open();
sequencer = MidiSystem.getSequencer();
sequence = new Sequence(Sequence.PPQ, 10);
} catch (Exception ex) { ex.printStackTrace(); return; }
Soundbank sb = synthesizer.getDefaultSoundbank();
if (sb != null) {
instruments = synthesizer.getDefaultSoundbank().getInstruments();
synthesizer.loadInstrument(instruments[0]);
}
MidiChannel midiChannels[] = synthesizer.getChannels();
channels = new ChannelData[midiChannels.length];
for (int i = 0; i < channels.length; i++) {
channels[i] = new ChannelData(midiChannels[i], i);
}
cc = channels[0];
ListSelectionModel lsm = table.getSelectionModel();
lsm.setSelectionInterval(0,0);
lsm = table.getColumnModel().getSelectionModel();
lsm.setSelectionInterval(0,0);
}
public void close() {
if (synthesizer != null) {
synthesizer.close();
}
if (sequencer != null) {
sequencer.close();
}
sequencer = null;
synthesizer = null;
instruments = null;
channels = null;
if (recordFrame != null) {
recordFrame.dispose();
recordFrame = null;
}
}
/**
* given 120 bpm:
* (120 bpm) / (60 seconds per minute) = 2 beats per second
* 2 / 1000 beats per millisecond
* (2 * resolution) ticks per second
* (2 * resolution)/1000 ticks per millisecond, or
* (resolution / 500) ticks per millisecond
* ticks = milliseconds * resolution / 500
*/
public void createShortEvent(int type, int num) {
ShortMessage message = new ShortMessage();
try {
long millis = System.currentTimeMillis() - startTime;
long tick = millis * sequence.getResolution() / 500;
message.setMessage(type+cc.num, num, cc.velocity);
MidiEvent event = new MidiEvent(message, tick);
track.add(event);
} catch (Exception ex) { ex.printStackTrace(); }
}
/**
* Black and white keys or notes on the piano.
*/
class Key extends Rectangle {
int noteState = OFF;
int kNum;
public Key(int x, int y, int width, int height, int num) {
super(x, y, width, height);
kNum = num;
}
public boolean isNoteOn() {
return noteState == ON;
}
public void on() {
setNoteState(ON);
cc.channel.noteOn(kNum, cc.velocity);
if (record) {
createShortEvent(NOTEON, kNum);
}
}
public void off() {
setNoteState(OFF);
cc.channel.noteOff(kNum, cc.velocity);
if (record) {
createShortEvent(NOTEOFF, kNum);
}
}
public void setNoteState(int state) {
noteState = state;
}
} // End class Key
/**
* Piano renders black & white keys and plays the notes for a MIDI
* channel.
*/
class Piano extends JPanel implements MouseListener {
Vector blackKeys = new Vector();
Key prevKey;
final int kw = 16, kh = 80;
public Piano() {
setLayout(new BorderLayout());
setPreferredSize(new Dimension(42*kw, kh+1));
int transpose = 24;
int whiteIDs[] = { 0, 2, 4, 5, 7, 9, 11 };
for (int i = 0, x = 0; i < 6; i++) {
for (int j = 0; j < 7; j++, x += kw) {
int keyNum = i * 12 + whiteIDs[j] + transpose;
whiteKeys.add(new Key(x, 0, kw, kh, keyNum));
}
}
for (int i = 0, x = 0; i < 6; i++, x += kw) {
int keyNum = i * 12 + transpose;
blackKeys.add(new Key((x += kw)-4, 0, kw/2, kh/2, keyNum+1));
blackKeys.add(new Key((x += kw)-4, 0, kw/2, kh/2, keyNum+3));
x += kw;
blackKeys.add(new Key((x += kw)-4, 0, kw/2, kh/2, keyNum+6));
blackKeys.add(new Key((x += kw)-4, 0, kw/2, kh/2, keyNum+8));
blackKeys.add(new Key((x += kw)-4, 0, kw/2, kh/2, keyNum+10));
}
keys.addAll(blackKeys);
keys.addAll(whiteKeys);
addMouseMotionListener(new MouseMotionAdapter() {
public void mouseMoved(MouseEvent e) {
if (mouseOverCB.isSelected()) {
Key key = getKey(e.getPoint());
if (prevKey != null && prevKey != key) {
prevKey.off();
}
if (key != null && prevKey != key) {
key.on();
}
prevKey = key;
repaint();
}
}
});
addMouseListener(this);
}
public void mousePressed(MouseEvent e) {
prevKey = getKey(e.getPoint());
if (prevKey != null) {
prevKey.on();
repaint();
}
}
public void mouseReleased(MouseEvent e) {
if (prevKey != null) {
prevKey.off();
repaint();
}
}
public void mouseExited(MouseEvent e) {
if (prevKey != null) {
prevKey.off();
repaint();
prevKey = null;
}
}
public void mouseClicked(MouseEvent e) { }
public void mouseEntered(MouseEvent e) { }
public Key getKey(Point point) {
for (int i = 0; i < keys.size(); i++) {
if (((Key) keys.get(i)).contains(point)) {
return (Key) keys.get(i);
}
}
return null;
}
public void paint(Graphics g) {
Graphics2D g2 = (Graphics2D) g;
Dimension d = getSize();
g2.setBackground(getBackground());
g2.clearRect(0, 0, d.width, d.height);
g2.setColor(Color.white);
g2.fillRect(0, 0, 42*kw, kh);
for (int i = 0; i < whiteKeys.size(); i++) {
Key key = (Key) whiteKeys.get(i);
if (key.isNoteOn()) {
g2.setColor(record ? pink : jfcBlue);
g2.fill(key);
}
g2.setColor(Color.black);
g2.draw(key);
}
for (int i = 0; i < blackKeys.size(); i++) {
Key key = (Key) blackKeys.get(i);
if (key.isNoteOn()) {
g2.setColor(record ? pink : jfcBlue);
g2.fill(key);
g2.setColor(Color.black);
g2.draw(key);
} else {
g2.setColor(Color.black);
g2.fill(key);
}
}
}
} // End class Piano
/**
* Stores MidiChannel information.
*/
class ChannelData {
MidiChannel channel;
boolean solo, mono, mute, sustain;
int velocity, pressure, bend, reverb;
int row, col, num;
public ChannelData(MidiChannel channel, int num) {
this.channel = channel;
this.num = num;
velocity = pressure = bend = reverb = 64;
}
public void setComponentStates() {
table.setRowSelectionInterval(row, row);
table.setColumnSelectionInterval(col, col);
soloCB.setSelected(solo);
monoCB.setSelected(mono);
muteCB.setSelected(mute);
//sustCB.setSelected(sustain);
JSlider slider[] = { veloS, presS, bendS, revbS };
int v[] = { velocity, pressure, bend, reverb };
for (int i = 0; i < slider.length; i++) {
TitledBorder tb = (TitledBorder) slider[i].getBorder();
String s = tb.getTitle();
tb.setTitle(s.substring(0, s.indexOf('=')+1)+s.valueOf(v[i]));
slider[i].repaint();
}
}
} // End class ChannelData
/**
* Table for 128 general MIDI melody instuments.
*/
class InstrumentsTable extends JPanel {
private String names[] = {
"Piano", "Chromatic Perc.", "Organ", "Guitar",
"Bass", "Strings", "Ensemble", "Brass",
"Reed", "Pipe", "Synth Lead", "Synth Pad",
"Synth Effects", "Ethnic", "Percussive", "Sound Effects" };
private int nRows = 8;
private int nCols = names.length; // just show 128 instruments
public InstrumentsTable() {
setLayout(new BorderLayout());
TableModel dataModel = new AbstractTableModel() {
public int getColumnCount() { return nCols; }
public int getRowCount() { return nRows;}
public Object getValueAt(int r, int c) {
if (instruments != null) {
return instruments[c*nRows+r].getName();
} else {
return Integer.toString(c*nRows+r);
}
}
public String getColumnName(int c) {
return names[c];
}
public Class getColumnClass(int c) {
return getValueAt(0, c).getClass();
}
public boolean isCellEditable(int r, int c) {return false;}
public void setValueAt(Object obj, int r, int c) {}
};
table = new JTable(dataModel);
table.setSelectionMode(ListSelectionModel.SINGLE_SELECTION);
// Listener for row changes
ListSelectionModel lsm = table.getSelectionModel();
lsm.addListSelectionListener(new ListSelectionListener() {
public void valueChanged(ListSelectionEvent e) {
ListSelectionModel sm = (ListSelectionModel) e.getSource();
if (!sm.isSelectionEmpty()) {
cc.row = sm.getMinSelectionIndex();
}
programChange(cc.col*nRows+cc.row);
}
});
// Listener for column changes
lsm = table.getColumnModel().getSelectionModel();
lsm.addListSelectionListener(new ListSelectionListener() {
public void valueChanged(ListSelectionEvent e) {
ListSelectionModel sm = (ListSelectionModel) e.getSource();
if (!sm.isSelectionEmpty()) {
cc.col = sm.getMinSelectionIndex();
}
programChange(cc.col*nRows+cc.row);
}
});
table.setPreferredScrollableViewportSize(new Dimension(nCols*110, 200));
table.setCellSelectionEnabled(true);
table.setColumnSelectionAllowed(true);
for (int i = 0; i < names.length; i++) {
TableColumn column = table.getColumn(names[i]);
column.setPreferredWidth(110);
}
table.setAutoResizeMode(table.AUTO_RESIZE_OFF);
JScrollPane sp = new JScrollPane(table);
sp.setVerticalScrollBarPolicy(sp.VERTICAL_SCROLLBAR_NEVER);
sp.setHorizontalScrollBarPolicy(sp.HORIZONTAL_SCROLLBAR_ALWAYS);
add(sp);
}
public Dimension getPreferredSize() {
return new Dimension(800,170);
}
public Dimension getMaximumSize() {
return new Dimension(800,170);
}
private void programChange(int program) {
if (instruments != null) {
synthesizer.loadInstrument(instruments[program]);
}
cc.channel.programChange(program);
if (record) {
createShortEvent(PROGRAM, program);
}
}
}
/**
* A collection of MIDI controllers.
*/
class Controls extends JPanel implements ActionListener, ChangeListener, ItemListener {
public JButton recordB;
JMenu menu;
int fileNum = 0;
public Controls() {
setLayout(new BoxLayout(this, BoxLayout.Y_AXIS));
setBorder(new EmptyBorder(5,10,5,10));
JPanel p = new JPanel();
p.setLayout(new BoxLayout(p, BoxLayout.X_AXIS));
veloS = createSlider("Velocity", p);
presS = createSlider("Pressure", p);
revbS = createSlider("Reverb", p);
// create a slider with a 14-bit range of values for pitch-bend
bendS = create14BitSlider("Bend", p);
p.add(Box.createHorizontalStrut(10));
add(p);
p = new JPanel();
p.setBorder(new EmptyBorder(10,0,10,0));
p.setLayout(new BoxLayout(p, BoxLayout.X_AXIS));
JComboBox combo = new JComboBox();
combo.setPreferredSize(new Dimension(120,25));
combo.setMaximumSize(new Dimension(120,25));
for (int i = 1; i <= 16; i++) {
combo.addItem("Channel " + String.valueOf(i));
}
combo.addItemListener(this);
p.add(combo);
p.add(Box.createHorizontalStrut(20));
muteCB = createCheckBox("Mute", p);
soloCB = createCheckBox("Solo", p);
monoCB = createCheckBox("Mono", p);
//sustCB = createCheckBox("Sustain", p);
createButton("All Notes Off", p);
p.add(Box.createHorizontalStrut(10));
p.add(mouseOverCB);
p.add(Box.createHorizontalStrut(10));
recordB = createButton("Record...", p);
add(p);
}
public JButton createButton(String name, JPanel p) {
JButton b = new JButton(name);
b.addActionListener(this);
p.add(b);
return b;
}
private JCheckBox createCheckBox(String name, JPanel p) {
JCheckBox cb = new JCheckBox(name);
cb.addItemListener(this);
p.add(cb);
return cb;
}
private JSlider createSlider(String name, JPanel p) {
JSlider slider = new JSlider(JSlider.HORIZONTAL, 0, 127, 64);
slider.addChangeListener(this);
TitledBorder tb = new TitledBorder(new EtchedBorder());
tb.setTitle(name + " = 64");
slider.setBorder(tb);
p.add(slider);
p.add(Box.createHorizontalStrut(5));
return slider;
}
private JSlider create14BitSlider(String name, JPanel p) {
JSlider slider = new JSlider(JSlider.HORIZONTAL, 0, 16383, 8192);
slider.addChangeListener(this);
TitledBorder tb = new TitledBorder(new EtchedBorder());
tb.setTitle(name + " = 8192");
slider.setBorder(tb);
p.add(slider);
p.add(Box.createHorizontalStrut(5));
return slider;
}
public void stateChanged(ChangeEvent e) {
JSlider slider = (JSlider) e.getSource();
int value = slider.getValue();
TitledBorder tb = (TitledBorder) slider.getBorder();
String s = tb.getTitle();
tb.setTitle(s.substring(0, s.indexOf('=')+1) + s.valueOf(value));
if (s.startsWith("Velocity")) {
cc.velocity = value;
} else if (s.startsWith("Pressure")) {
cc.channel.setChannelPressure(cc.pressure = value);
} else if (s.startsWith("Bend")) {
cc.channel.setPitchBend(cc.bend = value);
} else if (s.startsWith("Reverb")) {
cc.channel.controlChange(REVERB, cc.reverb = value);
}
slider.repaint();
}
public void itemStateChanged(ItemEvent e) {
if (e.getSource() instanceof JComboBox) {
JComboBox combo = (JComboBox) e.getSource();
cc = channels[combo.getSelectedIndex()];
cc.setComponentStates();
} else {
JCheckBox cb = (JCheckBox) e.getSource();
String name = cb.getText();
if (name.startsWith("Mute")) {
cc.channel.setMute(cc.mute = cb.isSelected());
} else if (name.startsWith("Solo")) {
cc.channel.setSolo(cc.solo = cb.isSelected());
} else if (name.startsWith("Mono")) {
cc.channel.setMono(cc.mono = cb.isSelected());
} else if (name.startsWith("Sustain")) {
cc.sustain = cb.isSelected();
cc.channel.controlChange(SUSTAIN, cc.sustain ? 127 : 0);
}
}
}
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
JButton button = (JButton) e.getSource();
if (button.getText().startsWith("All")) {
for (int i = 0; i < channels.length; i++) {
channels[i].channel.allNotesOff();
}
for (int i = 0; i < keys.size(); i++) {
((Key) keys.get(i)).setNoteState(OFF);
}
} else if (button.getText().startsWith("Record")) {
if (recordFrame != null) {
recordFrame.toFront();
} else {
recordFrame = new RecordFrame();
}
}
}
} // End class Controls
/**
* A frame that allows for midi capture & saving the captured data.
*/
class RecordFrame extends JFrame implements ActionListener, MetaEventListener {
public JButton recordB, playB, saveB;
Vector tracks = new Vector();
DefaultListModel listModel = new DefaultListModel();
TableModel dataModel;
JTable table;
public RecordFrame() {
super("Midi Capture");
addWindowListener(new WindowAdapter() {
public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e) {recordFrame = null;}
});
sequencer.addMetaEventListener(this);
try {
sequence = new Sequence(Sequence.PPQ, 10);
} catch (Exception ex) { ex.printStackTrace(); }
JPanel p2 = new JPanel();
p2.setBorder(new EmptyBorder(5,5,5,5));
p2.setLayout(new BoxLayout(p2, BoxLayout.X_AXIS));
recordB = createButton("Record", p2, true);
playB = createButton("Play", p2, false);
saveB = createButton("Save...", p2, false);
getContentPane().add("North", p2);
final String[] names = { "Channel #", "Instrument" };
dataModel = new AbstractTableModel() {
public int getColumnCount() { return names.length; }
public int getRowCount() { return tracks.size();}
public Object getValueAt(int row, int col) {
if (col == 0) {
return ((TrackData) tracks.get(row)).chanNum;
} else if (col == 1) {
return ((TrackData) tracks.get(row)).name;
}
return null;
}
public String getColumnName(int col) {return names[col]; }
public Class getColumnClass(int c) {
return getValueAt(0, c).getClass();
}
public boolean isCellEditable(int row, int col) {
return false;
}
public void setValueAt(Object val, int row, int col) {
if (col == 0) {
((TrackData) tracks.get(row)).chanNum = (Integer) val;
} else if (col == 1) {
((TrackData) tracks.get(row)).name = (String) val;
}
}
};
table = new JTable(dataModel);
TableColumn col = table.getColumn("Channel #");
col.setMaxWidth(65);
table.sizeColumnsToFit(0);
JScrollPane scrollPane = new JScrollPane(table);
EmptyBorder eb = new EmptyBorder(0,5,5,5);
scrollPane.setBorder(new CompoundBorder(eb,new EtchedBorder()));
getContentPane().add("Center", scrollPane);
pack();
Dimension d = Toolkit.getDefaultToolkit().getScreenSize();
int w = 210;
int h = 160;
setLocation(d.width/2 - w/2, d.height/2 - h/2);
setSize(w, h);
setVisible(true);
}
public JButton createButton(String name, JPanel p, boolean state) {
JButton b = new JButton(name);
b.setFont(new Font("serif", Font.PLAIN, 10));
b.setEnabled(state);
b.addActionListener(this);
p.add(b);
return b;
}
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
JButton button = (JButton) e.getSource();
if (button.equals(recordB)) {
record = recordB.getText().startsWith("Record");
if (record) {
track = sequence.createTrack();
startTime = System.currentTimeMillis();
// add a program change right at the beginning of
// the track for the current instrument
createShortEvent(PROGRAM,cc.col*8+cc.row);
recordB.setText("Stop");
playB.setEnabled(false);
saveB.setEnabled(false);
} else {
String name = null;
if (instruments != null) {
name = instruments[cc.col*8+cc.row].getName();
} else {
name = Integer.toString(cc.col*8+cc.row);
}
tracks.add(new TrackData(cc.num+1, name, track));
table.tableChanged(new TableModelEvent(dataModel));
recordB.setText("Record");
playB.setEnabled(true);
saveB.setEnabled(true);
}
} else if (button.equals(playB)) {
if (playB.getText().startsWith("Play")) {
try {
sequencer.open();
sequencer.setSequence(sequence);
} catch (Exception ex) { ex.printStackTrace(); }
sequencer.start();
playB.setText("Stop");
recordB.setEnabled(false);
} else {
sequencer.stop();
playB.setText("Play");
recordB.setEnabled(true);
}
} else if (button.equals(saveB)) {
try {
File file = new File(System.getProperty("user.dir"));
JFileChooser fc = new JFileChooser(file);
fc.setFileFilter(new javax.swing.filechooser.FileFilter() {
public boolean accept(File f) {
if (f.isDirectory()) {
return true;
}
return false;
}
public String getDescription() {
return "Save as .mid file.";
}
});
if (fc.showSaveDialog(null) == JFileChooser.APPROVE_OPTION) {
saveMidiFile(fc.getSelectedFile());
}
} catch (SecurityException ex) {
ex.printStackTrace();
} catch (Exception ex) {
ex.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
public void meta(MetaMessage message) {
if (message.getType() == 47) { // 47 is end of track
playB.setText("Play");
recordB.setEnabled(true);
}
}
public void saveMidiFile(File file) {
try {
int[] fileTypes = MidiSystem.getMidiFileTypes(sequence);
if (fileTypes.length == 0) {
System.out.println("Can't save sequence");
} else {
if (MidiSystem.write(sequence, fileTypes[0], file) == -1) {
throw new IOException("Problems writing to file");
}
}
} catch (SecurityException ex) {
} catch (Exception ex) {
ex.printStackTrace();
}
}
class TrackData extends Object {
Integer chanNum; String name; Track track;
public TrackData(int chanNum, String name, Track track) {
this.chanNum = new Integer(chanNum);
this.name = name;
this.track = track;
}
} // End class TrackData
} // End class RecordFrame
public static void main(String args[]) {
final MidiSynth midiSynth = new MidiSynth();
midiSynth.open();
JFrame f = new JFrame("Midi Synthesizer");
f.addWindowListener(new WindowAdapter() {
public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e) {System.exit(0);}
});
f.getContentPane().add("Center", midiSynth);
f.pack();
Dimension screenSize = Toolkit.getDefaultToolkit().getScreenSize();
int w = 760;
int h = 470;
f.setLocation(screenSize.width/2 - w/2, screenSize.height/2 - h/2);
f.setSize(w, h);
f.setVisible(true);
}
}