# library.py
# Steve Marschner (srm2), Lillian Lee (ljl2)
"""Example classes for CS1110 final review."""

class Document(object):
    """Instances represent scholarly documents.

    Instance variables:
       title [str]: title of the document
       authors [list of str]: names of authors, in the form 'Last, F.'
       works_cited [list of Document]: documents cited by this document.
    """

    def __init__(self, title, authors, works_cited):
        """A new document with given title, author list, and bibliography."""
        self.title = title
        self.authors = authors[:]
        self.works_cited = works_cited[:]

    def biblio_entry(self):
        """A generic bibliography entry for this document, with just the 
        authors and title.
        """
        return ", ".join(self.authors) + ' "' + self.title + '."'

    def bibliography(self):
        """The bibliography of this document, which is a concatenation of the 
        entries generated by all the cited works.
        """
        entries = []
        for doc in self.works_cited:
            entries.append(doc.biblio_entry())
        entries.sort()
        return '\n'.join(entries)

    def deep_biblio_set(self, depth):
        """The deep bibliography: a set of documents cited by this 
        document, documents cited by those documents, and so on, going back up
        to <depth> levels.  E.g. depth=1 is a normal bibliography."""
        all_cited = set(self.works_cited)
        if depth > 1:
            for doc in self.works_cited:
                all_cited = all_cited.union(doc.deep_biblio_set(depth-1))
        return all_cited

    def deep_bibliography(self, depth):
        """Formatted version of the deep bibliography."""
        all_cited = self.deep_biblio_set(depth)
        entries = []
        for doc in all_cited:
            entries.append(doc.biblio_entry())
        entries.sort()
        return '\n'.join(entries)


class Book(Document):
    """Instances represent books.

    Instance variables:
        publisher [str]: name of publisher
        pub_year [int]: year of publication
    """

    def __init__(self, title, authors, works_cited, publisher, pub_year):
        """A new book with the given properties."""
        Document.__init__(self, title, authors, works_cited)
        self.publisher = publisher
        self.pub_year = pub_year

    def biblio_entry(self):
        """A more specific bibliography entry for this book."""
        return (", ".join(self.authors) + ' ' + self.title + '. ' + 
                self.publisher + ", " + str(self.pub_year) + ".")


class Article(Document):
    """Instances represent articles that appear in journals.

    Instance variables:
        journal [str]: title of the journal
        month [int]: month (1 = Jan, etc.) of issue in which article appears
        year [int]: year in which article appeared
    """

    MONTH_NAMES = [None, 'Jan', 'Feb', 'Mar', 'Apr', 'May', 'Jun'
                   'Jul', 'Aug', 'Sep', 'Oct', 'Nov', 'Dec']

    def __init__(self, title, authors, works_cited, journal, month, year):
        """A new journal article with the given properties."""
        Document.__init__(self, title, authors, works_cited)
        self.journal = journal
        self.month = month
        self.year = year

    def biblio_entry(self):
        """A more specific bibliography entry for this article."""
        return (", ".join(self.authors) + ' "' + self.title + '." ' + 
                self.journal + ", " + self.MONTH_NAMES[self.month] + ' ' +
                str(self.year) + ".")


class Library(object):
    """Instances represent library collections."""

    def __init__(self, documents):
        """A library containing the given documents."""
        self.documents = documents[:]

    def citing_documents(self, document):
        """A list of the documents that cite the given document."""
        result = []
        for doc in self.documents:
            if document in doc.works_cited:
                result.append(doc)
        return result

    def works_by(self, author):
        """A list of the documents authored by a particular person."""
        result = []
        for doc in self.documents:
            if author in doc.authors:
                result.append(doc)
        return result

    def doc_citation_count(self, document):
        """The number of documents that cite a particular document."""
        return len(self.citing_documents(document))

    def author_citation_count(self, author):
        """The total number of citations to works by a particular author."""
        result = 0
        for doc in self.documents:
            for cited_doc in doc.works_cited:
                if author in cited_doc.authors:
                    result += 1
        return result

    def author_set(self):
        """A set containing all the authors of works in the library."""
        result = set()
        for doc in self.documents:
            for author in doc.authors:
                result.add(author)
        return result


if __name__ == '__main__':
    a = Article("On the counting of books", ["Schmo, J.", "Doe, J."], [], "Acta Bibliotecnica", 5, 2003)
    b = Book("Systems of accounting for citations", ["Schmo, J.", "Friendly, O."], [a], "Addison-Wesley", 2004)
    c = Article("Review of shelving systems", ["Peters, K."], [a,b], "Acta Bibliotecnica", 7, 2004)
    d = Article("A method for scanning books", ["Able, K.", "Baker, C."], [a], "International Journal of Computer Vision", 6, 2008)
    e = Article("Deciphering marginal notes", ["Able, K.", "Chipper, F.", "Baker, C."], [d], "International Journal of Computer Vision", 3, 2009)
    f = Article("Do we need shelves?", ["Peters, K."], [c,d,e], "Acta Bibliotecnica", 7, 2009)
    g = Book("The rise of citation indices", ["Colleague, M."], [a,b,e], "Taylor & Francis", 2009)
    h = Article("Data stewardship", ["Gries, D.", "Peters, K.", "Lee, A."], [a,b,d,e,f,g], "Acta Bibliotecnica", 8, 2011)
    print h.bibliography()
    lib = Library([a,b,c,d,e,f,g,h])
    print lib.doc_citation_count(a), lib.doc_citation_count(d)
    print 'citing e:', lib.citing_documents(e)
    print 'by A:', lib.works_by('Able, K.')
    print lib.author_set()
    for author in lib.author_set():
        print author + ":", lib.author_citation_count(author)
    print f.deep_bibliography(3)