/* * @(#)MidiSynth.java 1.15 99/12/03 * * Copyright (c) 1999 Sun Microsystems, Inc. All Rights Reserved. * * Sun grants you ("Licensee") a non-exclusive, royalty free, license to use, * modify and redistribute this software in source and binary code form, * provided that i) this copyright notice and license appear on all copies of * the software; and ii) Licensee does not utilize the software in a manner * which is disparaging to Sun. * * This software is provided "AS IS," without a warranty of any kind. ALL * EXPRESS OR IMPLIED CONDITIONS, REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES, INCLUDING ANY * IMPLIED WARRANTY OF MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE OR * NON-INFRINGEMENT, ARE HEREBY EXCLUDED. SUN AND ITS LICENSORS SHALL NOT BE * LIABLE FOR ANY DAMAGES SUFFERED BY LICENSEE AS A RESULT OF USING, MODIFYING * OR DISTRIBUTING THE SOFTWARE OR ITS DERIVATIVES. IN NO EVENT WILL SUN OR ITS * LICENSORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY LOST REVENUE, PROFIT OR DATA, OR FOR DIRECT, * INDIRECT, SPECIAL, CONSEQUENTIAL, INCIDENTAL OR PUNITIVE DAMAGES, HOWEVER * CAUSED AND REGARDLESS OF THE THEORY OF LIABILITY, ARISING OUT OF THE USE OF * OR INABILITY TO USE SOFTWARE, EVEN IF SUN HAS BEEN ADVISED OF THE * POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGES. * * This software is not designed or intended for use in on-line control of * aircraft, air traffic, aircraft navigation or aircraft communications; or in * the design, construction, operation or maintenance of any nuclear * facility. Licensee represents and warrants that it will not use or * redistribute the Software for such purposes. */ import java.awt.*; import java.awt.event.*; import javax.swing.*; import javax.swing.border.*; import javax.swing.table.*; import javax.swing.event.*; import javax.sound.midi.*; import java.util.Vector; import java.io.File; import java.io.IOException; /** * Illustrates general MIDI melody instruments and MIDI controllers. * * @version @(#)MidiSynth.java 1.15 99/12/03 * @author Brian Lichtenwalter */ @SuppressWarnings("serial") public class MidiSynth extends JPanel { final int PROGRAM = 192; final int NOTEON = 144; final int NOTEOFF = 128; final int SUSTAIN = 64; final int REVERB = 91; final int ON = 0, OFF = 1; final Color jfcBlue = new Color(204, 204, 255); final Color pink = new Color(255, 175, 175); Sequencer sequencer; Sequence sequence; Synthesizer synthesizer; Instrument instruments[]; ChannelData channels[]; ChannelData cc; // current channel JCheckBox mouseOverCB = new JCheckBox("mouseOver", true); JSlider veloS, presS, bendS, revbS; JCheckBox soloCB, monoCB, muteCB, sustCB; Vector keys = new Vector(); Vector whiteKeys = new Vector(); JTable table; Piano piano; boolean record; Track track; long startTime; RecordFrame recordFrame; Controls controls; public MidiSynth() { setLayout(new BorderLayout()); JPanel p = new JPanel(); p.setLayout(new BoxLayout(p, BoxLayout.Y_AXIS)); EmptyBorder eb = new EmptyBorder(5,5,5,5); BevelBorder bb = new BevelBorder(BevelBorder.LOWERED); CompoundBorder cb = new CompoundBorder(eb,bb); p.setBorder(new CompoundBorder(cb,eb)); JPanel pp = new JPanel(new BorderLayout()); pp.setBorder(new EmptyBorder(10,20,10,5)); pp.add(piano = new Piano()); p.add(pp); p.add(controls = new Controls()); p.add(new InstrumentsTable()); add(p); } public void open() { try { if (synthesizer == null) { if ((synthesizer = MidiSystem.getSynthesizer()) == null) { System.out.println("getSynthesizer() failed!"); return; } } synthesizer.open(); sequencer = MidiSystem.getSequencer(); sequence = new Sequence(Sequence.PPQ, 10); } catch (Exception ex) { ex.printStackTrace(); return; } Soundbank sb = synthesizer.getDefaultSoundbank(); if (sb != null) { instruments = synthesizer.getDefaultSoundbank().getInstruments(); synthesizer.loadInstrument(instruments[0]); } MidiChannel midiChannels[] = synthesizer.getChannels(); channels = new ChannelData[midiChannels.length]; for (int i = 0; i < channels.length; i++) { channels[i] = new ChannelData(midiChannels[i], i); } cc = channels[0]; ListSelectionModel lsm = table.getSelectionModel(); lsm.setSelectionInterval(0,0); lsm = table.getColumnModel().getSelectionModel(); lsm.setSelectionInterval(0,0); } public void close() { if (synthesizer != null) { synthesizer.close(); } if (sequencer != null) { sequencer.close(); } sequencer = null; synthesizer = null; instruments = null; channels = null; if (recordFrame != null) { recordFrame.dispose(); recordFrame = null; } } /** * given 120 bpm: * (120 bpm) / (60 seconds per minute) = 2 beats per second * 2 / 1000 beats per millisecond * (2 * resolution) ticks per second * (2 * resolution)/1000 ticks per millisecond, or * (resolution / 500) ticks per millisecond * ticks = milliseconds * resolution / 500 */ public void createShortEvent(int type, int num) { ShortMessage message = new ShortMessage(); try { long millis = System.currentTimeMillis() - startTime; long tick = millis * sequence.getResolution() / 500; message.setMessage(type+cc.num, num, cc.velocity); MidiEvent event = new MidiEvent(message, tick); track.add(event); } catch (Exception ex) { ex.printStackTrace(); } } /** * Black and white keys or notes on the piano. */ class Key extends Rectangle { int noteState = OFF; int kNum; public Key(int x, int y, int width, int height, int num) { super(x, y, width, height); kNum = num; } public boolean isNoteOn() { return noteState == ON; } public void on() { setNoteState(ON); cc.channel.noteOn(kNum, cc.velocity); if (record) { createShortEvent(NOTEON, kNum); } } public void off() { setNoteState(OFF); cc.channel.noteOff(kNum, cc.velocity); if (record) { createShortEvent(NOTEOFF, kNum); } } public void setNoteState(int state) { noteState = state; } } // End class Key /** * Piano renders black & white keys and plays the notes for a MIDI * channel. */ class Piano extends JPanel implements MouseListener { Vector blackKeys = new Vector(); Key prevKey; final int kw = 16, kh = 80; public Piano() { setLayout(new BorderLayout()); setPreferredSize(new Dimension(42*kw, kh+1)); int transpose = 24; int whiteIDs[] = { 0, 2, 4, 5, 7, 9, 11 }; for (int i = 0, x = 0; i < 6; i++) { for (int j = 0; j < 7; j++, x += kw) { int keyNum = i * 12 + whiteIDs[j] + transpose; whiteKeys.add(new Key(x, 0, kw, kh, keyNum)); } } for (int i = 0, x = 0; i < 6; i++, x += kw) { int keyNum = i * 12 + transpose; blackKeys.add(new Key((x += kw)-4, 0, kw/2, kh/2, keyNum+1)); blackKeys.add(new Key((x += kw)-4, 0, kw/2, kh/2, keyNum+3)); x += kw; blackKeys.add(new Key((x += kw)-4, 0, kw/2, kh/2, keyNum+6)); blackKeys.add(new Key((x += kw)-4, 0, kw/2, kh/2, keyNum+8)); blackKeys.add(new Key((x += kw)-4, 0, kw/2, kh/2, keyNum+10)); } keys.addAll(blackKeys); keys.addAll(whiteKeys); addMouseMotionListener(new MouseMotionAdapter() { public void mouseMoved(MouseEvent e) { if (mouseOverCB.isSelected()) { Key key = getKey(e.getPoint()); if (prevKey != null && prevKey != key) { prevKey.off(); } if (key != null && prevKey != key) { key.on(); } prevKey = key; repaint(); } } }); addMouseListener(this); } public void mousePressed(MouseEvent e) { prevKey = getKey(e.getPoint()); if (prevKey != null) { prevKey.on(); repaint(); } } public void mouseReleased(MouseEvent e) { if (prevKey != null) { prevKey.off(); repaint(); } } public void mouseExited(MouseEvent e) { if (prevKey != null) { prevKey.off(); repaint(); prevKey = null; } } public void mouseClicked(MouseEvent e) { } public void mouseEntered(MouseEvent e) { } public Key getKey(Point point) { for (int i = 0; i < keys.size(); i++) { if (((Key) keys.get(i)).contains(point)) { return (Key) keys.get(i); } } return null; } public void paint(Graphics g) { Graphics2D g2 = (Graphics2D) g; Dimension d = getSize(); g2.setBackground(getBackground()); g2.clearRect(0, 0, d.width, d.height); g2.setColor(Color.white); g2.fillRect(0, 0, 42*kw, kh); for (int i = 0; i < whiteKeys.size(); i++) { Key key = (Key) whiteKeys.get(i); if (key.isNoteOn()) { g2.setColor(record ? pink : jfcBlue); g2.fill(key); } g2.setColor(Color.black); g2.draw(key); } for (int i = 0; i < blackKeys.size(); i++) { Key key = (Key) blackKeys.get(i); if (key.isNoteOn()) { g2.setColor(record ? pink : jfcBlue); g2.fill(key); g2.setColor(Color.black); g2.draw(key); } else { g2.setColor(Color.black); g2.fill(key); } } } } // End class Piano /** * Stores MidiChannel information. */ class ChannelData { MidiChannel channel; boolean solo, mono, mute, sustain; int velocity, pressure, bend, reverb; int row, col, num; public ChannelData(MidiChannel channel, int num) { this.channel = channel; this.num = num; velocity = pressure = bend = reverb = 64; } public void setComponentStates() { table.setRowSelectionInterval(row, row); table.setColumnSelectionInterval(col, col); soloCB.setSelected(solo); monoCB.setSelected(mono); muteCB.setSelected(mute); //sustCB.setSelected(sustain); JSlider slider[] = { veloS, presS, bendS, revbS }; int v[] = { velocity, pressure, bend, reverb }; for (int i = 0; i < slider.length; i++) { TitledBorder tb = (TitledBorder) slider[i].getBorder(); String s = tb.getTitle(); tb.setTitle(s.substring(0, s.indexOf('=')+1)+s.valueOf(v[i])); slider[i].repaint(); } } } // End class ChannelData /** * Table for 128 general MIDI melody instuments. */ class InstrumentsTable extends JPanel { private String names[] = { "Piano", "Chromatic Perc.", "Organ", "Guitar", "Bass", "Strings", "Ensemble", "Brass", "Reed", "Pipe", "Synth Lead", "Synth Pad", "Synth Effects", "Ethnic", "Percussive", "Sound Effects" }; private int nRows = 8; private int nCols = names.length; // just show 128 instruments public InstrumentsTable() { setLayout(new BorderLayout()); TableModel dataModel = new AbstractTableModel() { public int getColumnCount() { return nCols; } public int getRowCount() { return nRows;} public Object getValueAt(int r, int c) { if (instruments != null) { return instruments[c*nRows+r].getName(); } else { return Integer.toString(c*nRows+r); } } public String getColumnName(int c) { return names[c]; } public Class getColumnClass(int c) { return getValueAt(0, c).getClass(); } public boolean isCellEditable(int r, int c) {return false;} public void setValueAt(Object obj, int r, int c) {} }; table = new JTable(dataModel); table.setSelectionMode(ListSelectionModel.SINGLE_SELECTION); // Listener for row changes ListSelectionModel lsm = table.getSelectionModel(); lsm.addListSelectionListener(new ListSelectionListener() { public void valueChanged(ListSelectionEvent e) { ListSelectionModel sm = (ListSelectionModel) e.getSource(); if (!sm.isSelectionEmpty()) { cc.row = sm.getMinSelectionIndex(); } programChange(cc.col*nRows+cc.row); } }); // Listener for column changes lsm = table.getColumnModel().getSelectionModel(); lsm.addListSelectionListener(new ListSelectionListener() { public void valueChanged(ListSelectionEvent e) { ListSelectionModel sm = (ListSelectionModel) e.getSource(); if (!sm.isSelectionEmpty()) { cc.col = sm.getMinSelectionIndex(); } programChange(cc.col*nRows+cc.row); } }); table.setPreferredScrollableViewportSize(new Dimension(nCols*110, 200)); table.setCellSelectionEnabled(true); table.setColumnSelectionAllowed(true); for (int i = 0; i < names.length; i++) { TableColumn column = table.getColumn(names[i]); column.setPreferredWidth(110); } table.setAutoResizeMode(table.AUTO_RESIZE_OFF); JScrollPane sp = new JScrollPane(table); sp.setVerticalScrollBarPolicy(sp.VERTICAL_SCROLLBAR_NEVER); sp.setHorizontalScrollBarPolicy(sp.HORIZONTAL_SCROLLBAR_ALWAYS); add(sp); } public Dimension getPreferredSize() { return new Dimension(800,170); } public Dimension getMaximumSize() { return new Dimension(800,170); } private void programChange(int program) { if (instruments != null) { synthesizer.loadInstrument(instruments[program]); } cc.channel.programChange(program); if (record) { createShortEvent(PROGRAM, program); } } } /** * A collection of MIDI controllers. */ class Controls extends JPanel implements ActionListener, ChangeListener, ItemListener { public JButton recordB; JMenu menu; int fileNum = 0; public Controls() { setLayout(new BoxLayout(this, BoxLayout.Y_AXIS)); setBorder(new EmptyBorder(5,10,5,10)); JPanel p = new JPanel(); p.setLayout(new BoxLayout(p, BoxLayout.X_AXIS)); veloS = createSlider("Velocity", p); presS = createSlider("Pressure", p); revbS = createSlider("Reverb", p); // create a slider with a 14-bit range of values for pitch-bend bendS = create14BitSlider("Bend", p); p.add(Box.createHorizontalStrut(10)); add(p); p = new JPanel(); p.setBorder(new EmptyBorder(10,0,10,0)); p.setLayout(new BoxLayout(p, BoxLayout.X_AXIS)); JComboBox combo = new JComboBox(); combo.setPreferredSize(new Dimension(120,25)); combo.setMaximumSize(new Dimension(120,25)); for (int i = 1; i <= 16; i++) { combo.addItem("Channel " + String.valueOf(i)); } combo.addItemListener(this); p.add(combo); p.add(Box.createHorizontalStrut(20)); muteCB = createCheckBox("Mute", p); soloCB = createCheckBox("Solo", p); monoCB = createCheckBox("Mono", p); //sustCB = createCheckBox("Sustain", p); createButton("All Notes Off", p); p.add(Box.createHorizontalStrut(10)); p.add(mouseOverCB); p.add(Box.createHorizontalStrut(10)); recordB = createButton("Record...", p); add(p); } public JButton createButton(String name, JPanel p) { JButton b = new JButton(name); b.addActionListener(this); p.add(b); return b; } private JCheckBox createCheckBox(String name, JPanel p) { JCheckBox cb = new JCheckBox(name); cb.addItemListener(this); p.add(cb); return cb; } private JSlider createSlider(String name, JPanel p) { JSlider slider = new JSlider(JSlider.HORIZONTAL, 0, 127, 64); slider.addChangeListener(this); TitledBorder tb = new TitledBorder(new EtchedBorder()); tb.setTitle(name + " = 64"); slider.setBorder(tb); p.add(slider); p.add(Box.createHorizontalStrut(5)); return slider; } private JSlider create14BitSlider(String name, JPanel p) { JSlider slider = new JSlider(JSlider.HORIZONTAL, 0, 16383, 8192); slider.addChangeListener(this); TitledBorder tb = new TitledBorder(new EtchedBorder()); tb.setTitle(name + " = 8192"); slider.setBorder(tb); p.add(slider); p.add(Box.createHorizontalStrut(5)); return slider; } public void stateChanged(ChangeEvent e) { JSlider slider = (JSlider) e.getSource(); int value = slider.getValue(); TitledBorder tb = (TitledBorder) slider.getBorder(); String s = tb.getTitle(); tb.setTitle(s.substring(0, s.indexOf('=')+1) + s.valueOf(value)); if (s.startsWith("Velocity")) { cc.velocity = value; } else if (s.startsWith("Pressure")) { cc.channel.setChannelPressure(cc.pressure = value); } else if (s.startsWith("Bend")) { cc.channel.setPitchBend(cc.bend = value); } else if (s.startsWith("Reverb")) { cc.channel.controlChange(REVERB, cc.reverb = value); } slider.repaint(); } public void itemStateChanged(ItemEvent e) { if (e.getSource() instanceof JComboBox) { JComboBox combo = (JComboBox) e.getSource(); cc = channels[combo.getSelectedIndex()]; cc.setComponentStates(); } else { JCheckBox cb = (JCheckBox) e.getSource(); String name = cb.getText(); if (name.startsWith("Mute")) { cc.channel.setMute(cc.mute = cb.isSelected()); } else if (name.startsWith("Solo")) { cc.channel.setSolo(cc.solo = cb.isSelected()); } else if (name.startsWith("Mono")) { cc.channel.setMono(cc.mono = cb.isSelected()); } else if (name.startsWith("Sustain")) { cc.sustain = cb.isSelected(); cc.channel.controlChange(SUSTAIN, cc.sustain ? 127 : 0); } } } public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) { JButton button = (JButton) e.getSource(); if (button.getText().startsWith("All")) { for (int i = 0; i < channels.length; i++) { channels[i].channel.allNotesOff(); } for (int i = 0; i < keys.size(); i++) { ((Key) keys.get(i)).setNoteState(OFF); } } else if (button.getText().startsWith("Record")) { if (recordFrame != null) { recordFrame.toFront(); } else { recordFrame = new RecordFrame(); } } } } // End class Controls /** * A frame that allows for midi capture & saving the captured data. */ class RecordFrame extends JFrame implements ActionListener, MetaEventListener { public JButton recordB, playB, saveB; Vector tracks = new Vector(); DefaultListModel listModel = new DefaultListModel(); TableModel dataModel; JTable table; public RecordFrame() { super("Midi Capture"); addWindowListener(new WindowAdapter() { public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e) {recordFrame = null;} }); sequencer.addMetaEventListener(this); try { sequence = new Sequence(Sequence.PPQ, 10); } catch (Exception ex) { ex.printStackTrace(); } JPanel p2 = new JPanel(); p2.setBorder(new EmptyBorder(5,5,5,5)); p2.setLayout(new BoxLayout(p2, BoxLayout.X_AXIS)); recordB = createButton("Record", p2, true); playB = createButton("Play", p2, false); saveB = createButton("Save...", p2, false); getContentPane().add("North", p2); final String[] names = { "Channel #", "Instrument" }; dataModel = new AbstractTableModel() { public int getColumnCount() { return names.length; } public int getRowCount() { return tracks.size();} public Object getValueAt(int row, int col) { if (col == 0) { return ((TrackData) tracks.get(row)).chanNum; } else if (col == 1) { return ((TrackData) tracks.get(row)).name; } return null; } public String getColumnName(int col) {return names[col]; } public Class getColumnClass(int c) { return getValueAt(0, c).getClass(); } public boolean isCellEditable(int row, int col) { return false; } public void setValueAt(Object val, int row, int col) { if (col == 0) { ((TrackData) tracks.get(row)).chanNum = (Integer) val; } else if (col == 1) { ((TrackData) tracks.get(row)).name = (String) val; } } }; table = new JTable(dataModel); TableColumn col = table.getColumn("Channel #"); col.setMaxWidth(65); table.sizeColumnsToFit(0); JScrollPane scrollPane = new JScrollPane(table); EmptyBorder eb = new EmptyBorder(0,5,5,5); scrollPane.setBorder(new CompoundBorder(eb,new EtchedBorder())); getContentPane().add("Center", scrollPane); pack(); Dimension d = Toolkit.getDefaultToolkit().getScreenSize(); int w = 210; int h = 160; setLocation(d.width/2 - w/2, d.height/2 - h/2); setSize(w, h); setVisible(true); } public JButton createButton(String name, JPanel p, boolean state) { JButton b = new JButton(name); b.setFont(new Font("serif", Font.PLAIN, 10)); b.setEnabled(state); b.addActionListener(this); p.add(b); return b; } public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) { JButton button = (JButton) e.getSource(); if (button.equals(recordB)) { record = recordB.getText().startsWith("Record"); if (record) { track = sequence.createTrack(); startTime = System.currentTimeMillis(); // add a program change right at the beginning of // the track for the current instrument createShortEvent(PROGRAM,cc.col*8+cc.row); recordB.setText("Stop"); playB.setEnabled(false); saveB.setEnabled(false); } else { String name = null; if (instruments != null) { name = instruments[cc.col*8+cc.row].getName(); } else { name = Integer.toString(cc.col*8+cc.row); } tracks.add(new TrackData(cc.num+1, name, track)); table.tableChanged(new TableModelEvent(dataModel)); recordB.setText("Record"); playB.setEnabled(true); saveB.setEnabled(true); } } else if (button.equals(playB)) { if (playB.getText().startsWith("Play")) { try { sequencer.open(); sequencer.setSequence(sequence); } catch (Exception ex) { ex.printStackTrace(); } sequencer.start(); playB.setText("Stop"); recordB.setEnabled(false); } else { sequencer.stop(); playB.setText("Play"); recordB.setEnabled(true); } } else if (button.equals(saveB)) { try { File file = new File(System.getProperty("user.dir")); JFileChooser fc = new JFileChooser(file); fc.setFileFilter(new javax.swing.filechooser.FileFilter() { public boolean accept(File f) { if (f.isDirectory()) { return true; } return false; } public String getDescription() { return "Save as .mid file."; } }); if (fc.showSaveDialog(null) == JFileChooser.APPROVE_OPTION) { saveMidiFile(fc.getSelectedFile()); } } catch (SecurityException ex) { ex.printStackTrace(); } catch (Exception ex) { ex.printStackTrace(); } } } public void meta(MetaMessage message) { if (message.getType() == 47) { // 47 is end of track playB.setText("Play"); recordB.setEnabled(true); } } public void saveMidiFile(File file) { try { int[] fileTypes = MidiSystem.getMidiFileTypes(sequence); if (fileTypes.length == 0) { System.out.println("Can't save sequence"); } else { if (MidiSystem.write(sequence, fileTypes[0], file) == -1) { throw new IOException("Problems writing to file"); } } } catch (SecurityException ex) { } catch (Exception ex) { ex.printStackTrace(); } } class TrackData extends Object { Integer chanNum; String name; Track track; public TrackData(int chanNum, String name, Track track) { this.chanNum = new Integer(chanNum); this.name = name; this.track = track; } } // End class TrackData } // End class RecordFrame public static void main(String args[]) { final MidiSynth midiSynth = new MidiSynth(); midiSynth.open(); JFrame f = new JFrame("Midi Synthesizer"); f.addWindowListener(new WindowAdapter() { public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e) {System.exit(0);} }); f.getContentPane().add("Center", midiSynth); f.pack(); Dimension screenSize = Toolkit.getDefaultToolkit().getScreenSize(); int w = 760; int h = 470; f.setLocation(screenSize.width/2 - w/2, screenSize.height/2 - h/2); f.setSize(w, h); f.setVisible(true); } }