What is a database system?
Disks and files, buffer management
Tree-structured indexing, B+-trees
Relational algebra, calculus, SQL
Sorting, hashing, join algorithms, aggregation algorithms
Query rewrite, query algebra equivalences, join optimization
Degrees of consistency, transaction semantics, locking protocols, lock implementation.
WAL, undo and redo logging, ARIES recovery algorithm
E-R diagrams, dependencies, normal forms and normalization
Object-relational databases, parallel databases, data mining, benchmarking